CVE-2025-54121
MEDIUM5.3EPSS 0.25%Starlette has possible denial-of-service vector when parsing large files in multipart forms
描述
### Summary When parsing a multi-part form with large files (greater than the [default max spool size](https://github.com/encode/starlette/blob/fa5355442753f794965ae1af0f87f9fec1b9a3de/starlette/formparsers.py#L126)) `starlette` will block the main thread to roll the file over to disk. This blocks the event thread which means we can't accept new connections. ### Details Please see this discussion for details: https://github.com/encode/starlette/discussions/2927#discussioncomment-13721403. In summary the following UploadFile code (copied from [here](https://github.com/encode/starlette/blob/fa5355442753f794965ae1af0f87f9fec1b9a3de/starlette/datastructures.py#L436C5-L447C14)) has a minor bug. Instead of just checking for `self._in_memory` we should also check if the additional bytes will cause a rollover. ```python @property def _in_memory(self) -> bool: # check for SpooledTemporaryFile._rolled rolled_to_disk = getattr(self.file, "_rolled", True) return not rolled_to_disk async def write(self, data: bytes) -> None: if self.size is not None: self.size += len(data) if self._in_memory: self.file.write(data) else: await run_in_threadpool(self.file.write, data) ``` I have already created a PR which fixes the problem: https://github.com/encode/starlette/pull/2962 ### PoC See the discussion [here](https://github.com/encode/starlette/discussions/2927#discussioncomment-13721403) for steps on how to reproduce. ### Impact To be honest, very low and not many users will be impacted. Parsing large forms is already CPU intensive so the additional IO block doesn't slow down `starlette` that much on systems with modern HDDs/SSDs. If someone is running on tape they might see a greater impact.
受影響套件(2)
- Debian/starlettefrom 0
- PyPI/starlettefrom 0, < 0.47.2
CVSS 分數
| 來源 | 版本 | 嚴重程度 | 向量 |
|---|---|---|---|
| osv | CVSS 3.1 | MEDIUM5.3 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L |
參考連結(7)
- ADVISORYhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54121
- ADVISORYhttps://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-54121
- PATCHhttps://github.com/encode/starlette
- WEBhttps://github.com/encode/starlette/blob/fa5355442753f794965ae1af0f87f9fec1b9a3de/starlette/datastructures.py#L436C5-L447C14
- WEBhttps://github.com/encode/starlette/commit/9f7ec2eb512fcc3fe90b43cb9dd9e1d08696bec1
- WEBhttps://github.com/encode/starlette/discussions/2927#discussioncomment-13721403
- WEBhttps://github.com/encode/starlette/security/advisories/GHSA-2c2j-9gv5-cj73